The Presidency of the Republic and the Crisis within the Executive power in Tunisia
Since
the election of the National Constituent Assembly, post-revolution Tunisia has
adopted a mixed political system in which the President of the Republic is
directly elected by the people with limited powers. The application of this system at the level
of reality during the two parliamentary terms following its adoption led to a
crisis between the two heads of the executive branch, the President of the
Republic and the Head of Government.
The scene is
repeated in the second parliamentary period with different personalities, the
President of the Republic aspires to fully hold the executive power by
controlling the head of government and dealing with him as the first minister
in a presidential system and with the head of government adhering to his
constitutional powers the political crisis arises. In a scenario similar to
what happened during the first parliamentary term, the rule of Beji Caid
Essebsi, Ennahda is supporting the prime minister who will enable it to govern
indirectly while the opposition finds its chance to be more effective by siding
with the president.
If it was
justified during the rule of Beji Caid Essebsi because he is mainly a political
figure and is the founder and head of the largest political party in the
country through which he was able to defeat Ennahda in the 2014 elections, it
is natural that he seeks to control the centers of power in the state, it is
incomprehensible that Kais Said sought to control the presidency of the
government on the pretext of choosing the president in charge of forming the
government because he is an independent figure away from politics who came from
outside the political parties, supported by most of the parties represented In
the parliament during the second round of the presidential elections against
his opponent Nabil Karoui, it was hoped that he would distance the presidency
of the republic from political tensions, be at the same distance from everyone,
and contribute to bringing the points of view between the parties closer
together, not to line up with opposition parties. Their goal is clear since the
first elections after the revolution, which is to prevent the Ennahda movement,
which won the elections, from holding power against a government coalition with
a comfortable majority capable of passing its decisions, which is what the
country really needs in a period of time Critical like this.
Some attribute
this repeated political crisis to the lack of concentration of the
Constitutional Court, so can the problem be limited to the failure to complete
the institutional building of the new regime - although both the current and
former President of the Republic are jurists, and Kais Said has already made
his position on the same issue that is the subject of the current crisis,
namely the failure of the President of the Republic to organize the swearing-in
session for ministers emanating from a ministerial reshuffle in favor of
Youssef Chahed, the former Prime Minister - or are there a large number of
political actors and categories Who is the people who have not yet broken with
the former presidential system, which encourages the President of the Republic
to violate the Constitution under the cover of those people? Why is the
opposition pushing the presidency in the direction of taking over executive
power? Can this be explained by the inability of opposition parties to win
legislative elections and thus align themselves with the presidency of the
republic – in the absence of a figure from Ennahda capable of winning this
position – only as a political maneuver to obtain circumstantial gains?
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